Danish scurvygrass

Cochlearia groenlandica, the Greenland or polar scurvygrass, is a small biennial or short-lived perennial herb in the Brassicaceae family with a circumpolar Arctic distribution spanning Canada, Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway, Svalbard, Russia, Alaska, the Pacific coast of North America from Washington to northern California, and Japan. Plants grow 5 to 30 centimetres tall from a single root with a branched caudex at the soil surface and form low cushions or rosettes. The basal leaves are long-petiolate, fleshy, broadly cordate to reniform, with entire to slightly toothed margins, while stem leaves are smaller and more or less sessile. Flowering occurs from June to August; the inflorescence is a short raceme of small four-petalled flowers, the petals white or pale violet and about three to four millimetres long. Fruits are short, plump, globose to ovoid silicles containing a few seeds. The plant favours beaches, tidal flats, gravelly ground, and seabird-fertilised mud flats.