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Niu Bang Gen

Arctium lappa L.

Genus: Arctium Species: lappa Pinyin: Niu Bang Gen Latin: Radix Arctii Lappae
Burdock root (English) 牛蒡根 (Chinese)

☯ TCM Properties

Category: releasing_exterior
Temperature: cool
Taste: bitter, sweet
Meridians: lung, heart
Functions:

Disperses Wind-Heat; Clears Heat and Resolves Toxicity; Disperses Swelling and Dissipates Nodules; Benefits the Throat; Cools the Blood

Western Herbalism Properties

Actions:
alterativediureticdiaphoreticbittervulnerary

Botanical Description

Arctium lappa is a stout biennial herb in the Asteraceae family native to temperate Eurasia and widely naturalized across North America. In its first year it forms a large basal rosette of broadly ovate to heart-shaped leaves up to 50 cm long, dull green above and densely white-woolly below, with long hollow petioles. A deep, fleshy, tapering taproot up to 1 m long develops during this rosette stage and is the principal medicinal and culinary part (gobo in Japan). In the second year a branching flowering stem 1-2 m tall arises bearing globose flower heads 2-4 cm wide surrounded by rigid hooked bracts that cling tenaciously to fur and clothing — the original inspiration for hook-and-loop fasteners. The florets are tubular and purple, giving rise to small ribbed achenes.

Dosage

Form Amount Frequency Duration Population Notes
decoction 3-9g Daily

Cultural & Historical Context

Traditional Chinese Uses

Niu Bang Gen (burdock root) is a cool herb used in Chinese medicine to clear Heat and reduce swellings, particularly in the throat and gums. It treats throat inflammation, tonsillitis, dental abscesses, and inflammatory swellings from Heat accumulation. Its Blood-cooling properties address skin conditions from Blood Heat including boils and carbuncles. As both a culinary root (popular in Japanese cuisine as gobo) and a medicinal herb, it reflects the overlap between food and medicine in East Asian health traditions.

Traditional American Uses

Burdock root and leaf were widely used by northeastern Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples after European introduction. The Cherokee, Iroquois, Malecite, Menominee, Micmac, and Ojibwa employed root decoctions and infusions as blood medicines (alteratives), dermatological washes for skin eruptions and sores, urinary aids, and gynecological remedies (Moerman, NAEB).

Important Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any herbal remedy, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medications.