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Shui Fei Ji

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.

Genus: Silybum Species: marianum Pinyin: Shui Fei Ji Latin: Fructus Silybi Mariani
Milk thistle fruit (English) ๆฐด้ฃž่“Ÿ (Chinese)

โ˜ฏ TCM Properties

Category: clearing_heat
Temperature: cool
Taste: bitter
Meridians: liver, gallbladder
Functions:

Clears Heat and Resolves Toxicity; Courses the Liver and benefits the Gallbladder; Clears Damp-Heat from the Liver and Gallbladder; Protects the Liver

Western Herbalism Properties

Actions:
hepaticantioxidantanti-inflammatorybitter

Botanical Description

Silybum marianum, milk thistle or Shui Fei Ji, is a stout biennial or annual herb in the Asteraceae family, native to the Mediterranean basin and naturalized widely across temperate regions. First-year plants form a large basal rosette of glossy dark green leaves boldly veined and mottled white, with deeply pinnatifid lobes ending in stiff yellow spines; in the second year flowering stems rise 60-200 cm. Solitary terminal heads 4-8 cm across are subtended by stout spine-tipped involucral bracts and bear bright red-purple tubular disc florets in summer. The shiny dark brown achenes (treated commercially as 'seeds') bear a tuft of bristly pappus and contain the silymarin flavonolignan complex.

Dosage

Form Amount Frequency Duration Population Notes
decoction 6-15g Daily โ€” โ€” โ€”

Cultural & Historical Context

Traditional Chinese Uses

Shui Fei Ji (milk thistle, silybum marianum) is a cool, bitter herb that in Chinese medicine clears Heat and Damp-Heat from the Liver and Gallbladder. It is used for hepatitis, jaundice, gallstones, and fatty liver conditions where Liver-Gallbladder Damp-Heat is the underlying pattern. Though originally introduced from Europe, silymarin โ€” its active compound โ€” has made it one of the most thoroughly researched herbs for Liver protection worldwide, validating its traditional TCM use for liver-clearing conditions.

Traditional American Uses

None Documented

Important Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any herbal remedy, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medications.