Gan Cao
Glycyrrhiza lepidota
Synonyms: Glycyrrhiza lepidota var. glutinosa, Glycyrrhiza glutinosa, Liquiritia lepidota
☯ TCM Properties
Tonifies the Spleen and augments Qi; Moistens the Lungs, resolves Phlegm and stops coughing; Moderates spasms and alleviates pain; Clears Heat and relieves Fire toxicity; Moderates and harmonizes the harsh properties of other herbs
Western Herbalism Properties
Used In Formulas (46)
Showing 12 of 46.
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Botanical Description
Glycyrrhiza lepidota is a perennial herb in the pea family (Fabaceae), growing 40-100 cm tall from deep, spreading rhizomes and taproots. Stems are erect, glandular-dotted, and covered in fine scales or dots. Leaves are pinnately compound with 11-19 leaflets 1.5-4 cm long. Pale yellow, pea-like flowers are borne in dense axillary racemes. Fruits are oblong pods 1-1.5 cm long, covered in hooked spines (bur-like), differentiating it from Asian licorice. Root and rhizome contain glycyrrhizin, similar to but lower in concentration than G. uralensis.
Roadsides, stream banks, prairies, and disturbed habitats throughout the central and western United States and Canada; also found in dry, open areas.
Glycyrrhiza lepidota is native to North America and found throughout the central and western United States and Canada. It is not threatened and is common in its native habitat. No conservation concerns.
Cultural & Historical Context
Traditional Chinese Uses
Gan Cao (licorice root) is the most widely used herb in all of Chinese medicine — its mild, sweet flavor and neutral character make it an ideal harmonizer that both strengthens Spleen and Lung Qi and mediates the interactions between other herbs in a formula. It stops cough, clears Heat toxin for sore throats and abscesses, relieves spasmodic pain in the extremities and abdomen, and modifies the harsh or toxic properties of other herbs. Honey-frying enhances its tonic action. It is the standard formula-harmonizing herb in TCM.
Chemistry & External Identifiers
Important Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using any herbal remedy, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medications.